BIOLOGY 4.1 General Invertebrate Zoology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This study embraces the biological aspects of the invertebrates: embryology, physiology, morphology, ecology, behavior and taxonomic classification. Similarities and differences among different groups of invertebrates are emphasized as well as their phylogenetic relationships.
BIOLOGY 4L General Invertebrate Zoology (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
Laboratory activities involve the actual study of the different representatives of the different groups of invertebrates. The students are exposed to different preserved specimens; thus, they observe and study invertebrates in their natural habitat and environment through field trips.
BIOLOGY 6.1 General Ecology and Field Biology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38; Chem 3
The course introduces the following concepts: ecosystem, biogeochemical cycles, productivity and trophic levels, limiting factors, the species and the niche, species interactions, speciation and natural selection, population and community ecology, and ecological succession. Patterns of distribution, abundance of organisms in the biospheres, and their impact on humans are also discussed.
BIOLOGY 6L General Ecology and Field Biology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38; Chem 3
The laboratory course reinforces the concepts covered in the lecture course. This involves practicing quantitative skills through the application of ecological models, statistical data analysis, and interpretation of ecological experiments. The laboratory activities also introduce the students to various ecological techniques of data gathering and analyses. An actual application of the different techniques in sampling is done through field trips.
BIOLOGY 7.1 Marine Ecology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38; Chem 3
Marine ecology is an integrative science that studies the basic structural and functional relationships among living populations and their physical and chemical environments in marine ecosystems. The course introduces aspects of oceanography, and sea water properties—concepts needed for understanding how marine creatures survive and reproduce. It also discusses the fundamental ecological principles governing the organization and perpetuation of marine life throughout the world including the basic understanding of biological processes in the oceans. The impact of anthropogenic activities on coastal and oceanic systems, and the potential strategies that allow humans to use marine resources in a sustainable manner will also be discussed.
BIOLOGY 7L Marine Ecology (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38; Chem 3
The laboratory course trains students how to conduct marine ecological research. It gives students hands-on experience in the process of science: designing experiments, collecting data, analyzing results in a rigorous statistical framework, and communication through effective writing. Moreover, students will learn how to analyze patterns of distribution and abundance, which is central to ecology. The course includes laboratory and field exercises. Field activities let the students apply different sampling methods and techniques. The course also requires a research proposal.
BIOLOGY 10.1 Parasitology (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
Parasitology introduces the principles and concepts of parasitism, morphology, biology, physiology, treatment, control, and ecology of major zooparasites of humans and domestic animals. It would also include the description of representative parasitic species with their respective developmental stages and life cycle.
BIOLOGY 10L Parasitology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisite: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This laboratory course provides hands-on exercises on the examination of major parasites in humans and domestic animals (described in the lecture). The students also perform autopsies of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts to collect parasites, and process them to facilitate taxonomic identification.
BIOLOGY 11.1 Animal Histology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
Animal histology is a microscopic anatomy focusing on the biology of cells, tissues and organs of animal bodies. This course is a comprehensive survey of the microscopic structure, and the organization of cells and their products, tissues, and organs. The sessions deal with descriptions, theoretical considerations, and explanations of the basic concepts on how structure and function are integrated in molecules, cells, tissues, and organs within organisms. Considerable emphasis is placed on medically important aspects of tissues, and their clinical implications for the human body.
BIOLOGY 11L Animal Histology (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This laboratory course is a comprehensive survey of the microscopic structure and organization of cell types and their products, tissues, and organs. The activities involve direct and detailed examinations of prepared human cells, tissues, and organs using a compound microscope. At the end of the course, students should be able to proficiently describe, identify, and interpret prepared tissue sections, and associate the organization of cells and tissues within organs in relation to the structure of the entire body. It provides an initial background for students proceeding to medical and health sciences that consider the ever-complex internal workings of an animal body.
BIOLOGY 012 Human Physiology (non-lab course for Psychology students) (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 1
This course introduces the basic mechanics of human body functions. It covers topics on most human organ systems, their regulations and interactions, with special attention to mechanisms that establish homeostasis in the body.
BIOLOGY 12.1 General Animal Physiology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5; Phys 1.1; Phys 1L
General Animal Physiology is the study of how the various animal organs and organ systems work together to maintain the body's internal conditions. The course focuses on the physiological principles and processes based mostly on the functions of the human body. A comparative approach is also integrated in the course, thus looking at various animals.
BIOLOGY 12L General Animal Physiology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5; Phys 1.1; Phys 1L
The laboratory course deals with the study of the functions of various organs and organ systems comprising an animal organism at a laboratory setting. Laboratory activities enable the students to discover basic functions and processes in the animal body from the cellular to the organ system level. It also investigates general physiological principles; thus, students identify physiological variations, and understand how the variations impact the performance of the animal body. Students will be able to see connections among physiological principles, and thus integrate and apply these principles.
BIOLOGY 13.1 Phycology (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This course introduces the study of algae including their morphology, taxonomy, physiology, ecology and economic importance. It also includes discussions of different theories concerning the systems, the evolutionary significance, and the technological application of algae.
BIOLOGY 13L Phycology (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The students are trained to recognize the different groups of algae based on their external features. Activities include collection, preservation and examination of microscopic and macroscopic forms of the algae. The students, in field trips, observe algae in their natural habitats.
BIOLOGY 14.1 Marine Planktonology (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 4.1; Bio 4L
The course deals with the study of marine plankton: morphology, taxonomy, ecology and distribution—with emphasis on the environmental impacts of these organisms. Collection and quantitative analysis of the plankton are also discussed.
BIOLOGY 14L Marine Planktonology (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 4.1; Bio 4L
Laboratory activities include field work for the collection of plankton samples. Students are also taught how to use different plankton samplers and sampling methods. Laboratory exercises are focused on qualitative and quantitative analyses of plankton samples.
BIOLOGY 15.1 Ichthyology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This fundamental course focuses on a major aspect of marine biology. It deals with the basic study of fishes including morphological, physiological and taxonomical concepts. Emphasis is placed on concepts of fish stock and its conservation.
BIOLOGY 15L Ichthyology (2 units lab)
Prerequisite: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The laboratory course gives students hands-on experiences of concepts, theories, and principles presented by the lecture course. Laboratory activities allow students to study actual fishes, their morphological characteristics and taxonomy. Field work also allow them to study fishes in their natural habitat.
BIOLOGY 16.1 General Biology (3 units lec)
This general course focuses on the basic principles concerning life and living things in general, with emphasis on molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels, and relates these concepts to the human body. It also enhances students’ basic knowledge and appreciation of how science works—an element of good citizenship in an era when informed evaluations of health issues, environmental problems, and applications of new technology are critical.
BIOLOGY 16L General Biology (2 units lab)
This laboratory course introduces students to observing the structure and morphology of cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. Activities on investigations of physiological processes such as photosynthesis, cell respiration, and digestion are also performed. This course also trains students to make scientific reports.
BIOLOGY 17.1 Cell and Molecular Biology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5
This course focuses on the chemical and molecular basis of life: the ultra-structural organization of cells and their functions, cell physiology, cell cycle, the cytoskeleton, signal transduction, gene and gene expression, and immune response. Related topics (cancer and methods in cell and molecular biology) are also discussed.
BIOLOGY 17L Cell and Molecular Biology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5
The course covers fundamental aspects of cell biology explored through experimentation in modern laboratory settings. The exercises demonstrate the principles of cell and molecular biology, and the biochemistry of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. It also includes the application of laboratory methods and techniques in cell and molecular biology.
BIOLOGY 18.1 Introduction to Coastal Resource Management (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 6.1 and Bio 6L (for Bio); Bio 7.1 and Bio 7L (for Marine Bio)
The course presents lectures on the key tenets of CRM. The key tenets are supported by case studies and actual situations on CRM practices in the Philippines and elsewhere. Occasional guest lecturers are invited to talk on a particular topic or actual case study.
BIOLOGY 18L Introduction to Coastal Resource Management (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 6.1 and Bio 6L (for Bio); Bio 7.1 and Bio 7L (for Marine Bio)
Site exposure to existing CRM programs is done to enhance understanding of the concepts and their importance. A small research project is undertaken involving field work to assess the CRM work of different local government units in the near coastal bay area.
BIOLOGY 19.1 Evolution (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: (For Bio) Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 39.1.; Bio 39L; Bio 6.1; Bio 6L; Bio 36.1; Bio 36L (For Marine Bio) Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 7.1; Bio 7L; (Optional) Bio 39.1.; Bio 39L; Bio 36.1; Bio 36L
This course introduces theories, principles, mechanics, and evidences of biological evolution. It includes the nature and history of evolutionary biology which pave the discussions on evolutionary theories, and concepts related to the variation and diversity of organisms. Discussions on the mechanism of evolutionary change and speciation, origin of life and current issues are supplemented by recent articles and findings on evolution.
BIOLOGY 20L Seminar and Problem I (3 units lab)
Prerequisites: (for graduating students only); Bio 6.1 and Bio 6L-for Bio; Bio 7.1 and Bio 7L-for Marine Bio)
This course is an introduction to and a preparation for research. Students come up with a research topic, an appropriate review of literature, and a research proposal. It requires actual research and a progress report on the findings.
BIOLOGY 020L Seminar and Problem II (3 units lab)
Prerequisite: Bio 20L
This is a continuation of Biology 20L. The senior presents and defends his research findings in a seminar setting, and is required to pass the final report following a prescribed format.
BIOLOGY 21 Aquaculture (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Ocean 1; Ocean 2.1; Ocean 2L
This introduces the principles of aquaculture. It includes general principles, concepts and guidelines of aquaculture; and specific terms and principles in the culture of mollusks, crustaceans, fishes, algae, and other organisms outside their natural habitat. This covers culture maintenance and operation, feeding and nutrition of cultured organisms, and ecological effects of aquaculture. A short training and hands-on exposure (practicum) supplement the lectures.
BIOLOGY 22.1 Basic Microbiology (3 units lec)Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5
This course involves the study of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa and viruses, with emphasis on microbial physiology, ecology and genetics. It highlights the many positive effects of microorganisms in human lives, along with the medically important microorganisms that cause disease.
BIOLOGY 22L Basic Microbiology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 5
The course involves specimen collection, handling, processing, isolation and identification of microorganisms. It also includes field exposure to where microorganisms thrive which aid students in understanding and appreciating concepts.
BIOLOGY 23.1 Limnology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 6.1; Bio 6L; Chem 3
Limnology is the study of inland waters which includes lakes, rivers, wetlands and ground water. This course integrates aspects of chemistry, physics, hydrology, biology and the ecology of aquatic organisms to build a holistic grasp of freshwater ecosystems. Problems in aquatic environments such as eutrophication, acidification as well as effects caused by a changing climate are also discussed.
BIOLOGY 23L Limnology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 6.1; Bio 6L; Chem 3
The course provides basic training on appropriate limnological field sampling techniques of collecting freshwater organisms and measuring water quality variables. Students are exposed to field trips to strengthen the appreciation of freshwater environments and provide hands-on practice of limnological field sampling techniques. Analyses and interpretation of data acquired from field trips are taught in the laboratory.
BIOLOGY 27 Introduction to Environmental Science (3 unit lec)
The course deals with important and useful concepts in the study of the environment. The students are trained to think critically on environmental issues and problems through analytical and interdisciplinary perspectives.
BIOLOGY 28.1 Developmental Biology (3 unit lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 17.1; Bio 17L
Developmental Biology introduces principles and mechanisms of progressive changes in selected animals and plants, with emphasis on the morphological description of the assembly of cells, formation of organs and organ systems. It includes embryology, metamorphosis, regeneration, and aging, all of which are progressive changes leading to the development and removal of structures in the developing organism. Whenever possible, students are introduced to the molecular studies illuminating the underlying mechanisms of development.
BIOLOGY 28L Developmental Biology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 17.1; Bio 17L
Developmental Biology studies the progressive changes that create a living organism. Laboratory activities are focused on observing and describing live and sectioned developmental stages of selected representative organisms. It emphasizes a descriptive embryology of the chick.
BIOLOGY 31.1 Fundamentals of Biology I (3 unit lec)
Fundamentals of Biology I introduces the key concepts and unifying themes that work together within the context of chemical, cellular and organismic levels of biological organization. This includes chemical concepts essential to understanding the process of life, the study of cells built upon the theme of correlation between structure and function, and the organismic level that discusses the form and function of vascular plants and higher animals.
BIOLOGY 31L Fundamentals of Biology I (2 unit lab)
Fundamentals of Biology 1 enables students to perform practical work and exercises with corresponding laboratory reports and quizzes to reinforce and enrich understanding of key concepts introduced and explained in the lecture course. Laboratory activities include studies on microscopy, plant and animal cells, tissues, organs and organ systems, and related biological processes. The course focuses on structure and function of animals and a vertebrate representative, a frog or toad.
BIOLOGY 32.1 Fundamentals of Biology II (3 units lec)
Prerequisite: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Chem 1.1; Chem 1L
This course is a continuation of Biology 31 with concentration on the reproduction, development, genetics, ecology, evolution, and taxonomy of living things.
BIOLOGY 32L Fundamentals of Biology II (2 units lab)
Prerequisite: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Chem 1.1; Chem 1L
This course provides hands-on exercises and practical activities for theories learned in the lecture course. The students actually perform activities to enhance and develop observation and analytical skills. Laboratory exercises include the cell cycle, development, variations, genetics, ecosystem, evidences of evolution, a survey of representatives of the kingdoms, and a construction of a taxonomic key.
BIOLOGY 33.1 Plant Morpho-Anatomy (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The course studies the morphology and anatomy of vascular plants necessary for an understanding of plant functions, development, and evolution.
BIOLOGY 33L Plant Morpho-Anatomy (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The course deals with the study of the gross structure and internal anatomy of the different organs of the plant body. It includes microscopic examinations of the different layers of tissues that make up organs of different kinds of plants.
BIOLOGY 35 Fundamentals of Marine Biology (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This course introduces the study of marine biology. It is an overview to aspects and components of the marine environment that deals with basic concepts of marine hydrodynamics, organisms, habitats and ecology, with emphasis on environmental issues concerning the marine ecosystem. Actual observations are done through field exposures.
BIOLOGY 36.1 Systematic (Plant and Animal) (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 33.1; Bio 33L
The course focuses on methods and principles of identification, and classification of organisms based on their evolutionary relationship. It emphasizes the taxonomy of flowering plants and animals. It also includes a survey of representative organisms of the various taxonomic groups.
BIOLOGY 36L Systematic (Plant and Animal): (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Bio 33.1; Bio 33L
Laboratory activities enable the students to compare and contrast the different morphological characteristics of representative organisms. Students are required to taxonomically identify plant and animal specimens.
BIOLOGY 39.1 Genetics (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38
This course is an introduction to the basic foundations of genetics, which includes Mendelian and non-Mendelian genetics, the physical and molecular basis of heredity, and quantitative and population genetics.
BIOLOGY 39L Genetics (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Math 38
The course complements the lecture and involves activities that allow students to discover the principles behind concepts such as variations in man, chromosomal basis of heredity, Mendelian principles, the central dogma, biotechnology and the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The basic statistical tools needed to study variation and heredity are reviewed and incorporated in the exercises. Exercises also include karyotyping, breeding and pedigree analysis.
BIOLOGY 50.1 General Biology (for Agricultural Engineering and Food Technology): (2 units lec)
This course introduces basic principles and concepts of biology with emphasis on molecular, cellular, tissue, organs and organismic levels of biological organization. It also includes the study of evolution, and ecology of an organism.
BIOLOGY 50L General Biology (for Agricultural Engineering and Food Technology): (1 unit lab)
The laboratory course gives activities that provide agriculture students with hands-on experience that reinforce learning biological concepts and principles presented in the lecture course. Laboratory activities enable the students to observe biological processes and morphology of cells, tissues, organs and organisms.
BIOLOGY 51.1 General Botany (for Agriculture and Business Management): (2 units lec)
This course emphasizes the fundamental principles of plant form, function and development. It also deals with the conservation, economic and medical importance of plants.
BIOLOGY 51L General Botany (for Agriculture and Business Management): (1 unit lab)
The laboratory course requires students to make actual examinations of the external and internal anatomy of plant cells, tissues, and organs such as seeds, roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. It also includes experiments on some basic plants functions such as photosynthesis and transpiration.
BIOLOGY 52.1 General Plant Physiology (for Agriculture and BS Bio): (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: For Agriculture students: Bio 51.1; Bio 51L; Chem 51
For BS Biology students: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L, Phys1.1; Phys 1L; Phys 2.1; Phys 2L; Chem 5
The course introduces the basic processes in plants. It covers plant anatomy and histology, transpiration, water absorption and transport, plant nutrition, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, photorespiration, development, hormone regulation, photo pigment regulation, reproduction and responses to environmental stress.
BIOLOGY 52L General Plant Physiology (for Agriculture and BS Bio): (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: For Agriculture students: Bio 51.1; Bio 51L; Chem 51
For BS Biology students: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L, Phys1.1; Phys 1L; Phys 2.1; Phys 2L; Chem 5
This laboratory course engages students to experiments that uncover basic important physiological principles in plant life. These laboratory exercises intend to supplement the theoretical discussions in the lectures. The course includes observation and analysis of plant cells and organelles; and experiments on water and their properties, transport across cell membranes, enzyme activity, photosynthetic pigments, and factors affecting photosynthesis, water absorption and transport in plants, plant movements, and plant composition.
BIOLOGY 53.1 General Zoology (for Agriculture and Business Management): (2 units lec)
The course introduces zoology which includes the study of the unity and diversity of animals, the structure and function of cells, tissues, organs, and systems. It also deals with the morphology, physiology, reproduction, and heredity of the typical groups of animals.
BIOLOGY 53L General Zoology (for Agriculture and Business Management): (1 unit lab)
The laboratory course includes exercises enhancing student knowledge. Activities include the observation of the morphology and anatomy of animals from the cellular to the organismic level.
BIOLOGY 55.1 General Biology (for Agriculture): (2 unit lec)
This course tackles general principles of biology in an integrated way with strong emphasis on animal and plant physiology, and the structural, functional, and behavioral adaptations that help plants and animals meet challenges in the environment. It also discusses the dynamics of ecosystems, and elucidates on the interdependence of the vast majority of organisms.
BIOLOGY 55L General Biology (For Agriculture): (2 unit lab)
A course with laboratory exercises allow students to practice scientific methods by observing and acquiring data, performing actual experiments, using data to explain biological concepts, and writing the results. Exercises also include the examination and dissection of representative plants and a vertebrate animal, such as a toad or frog.
BIOLOGY 58.1 Entomology (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
This introduces the strange and wonderful world of insects. It starts with a quick and brief look at their position in the evolutionary history of life, showing how they have survived, distinguished as one of the most successful organisms on earth. It also focuses on the anatomical and physiological aspects of the basic insect body. Modifications of the external and internal body parts are also discussed to show the insects’ adaptations to the challenges of their environment.
BIOLOGY 58L Entomology (1 unit lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The laboratory course gives students the opportunity to do a hands-on study of the representative morphology of insects and their internal parts through dissection. Other activities relate to the osmoregulatory functions and development of an insect using mosquito larvae and housefly maggots. Field trips let students gain first-hand experience and knowledge of insects in their natural environment. Students collect insect specimens for anatomical and taxonomic classification studies in the laboratory.
BIOLOGY 59.1 Comparative Anatomy (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
The study focuses on the structure (descriptive morphology) of animals with backbones, the functional significance of the structures, and the variation and function of structures in geologic time. It also covers phylogeny, embryonic development, and adult anatomy of vertebrates which can elucidate on the evolution of the various organ systems. The students discover the basic architectural plan in the vertebrate body.
BIOLOGY 59L Comparative Anatomy (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.1; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L
Laboratory activities deal with the body structure of representative animals with backbones. The students compare and contrast the architectural plan of the vertebrate body through direct examination and observation of actual vertebrate specimens. A cat is dissected as a representative vertebrate. Students are expected to learn the different organs and organ systems of the cat, and relate them to the human body.
NATURAL SCIENCE 1 Earth Science/Physical Science (3 units lec)
This course provides students in the non-science disciplines with a general background in earth science. It is a systematic study of the earth—its structures, principles, processes, history and place in the universe. It also points out the influence of natural phenomena upon man and society; thus, showing the relevance of the course to non-science disciplines.
NATURAL SCIENCE 2 Biological Science or General Biology (3 units)
This course for non-science majors deals with the study of living things in general. Basic principles and concepts of biology with emphasis on molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and organism levels of the organization of life are focused on. It also includes concepts in genetics, evolution, diversity of organisms, and ecology.
NURSING 20 (N20) Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (for Nursing students) (4 units: 3 lec; 1 lab)
This course assists students in the study of medically important microorganisms and parasites, with focus on microbial physiology and ecology and their relevance to human health. Awareness of the mode of infection and strategies for control are also emphasized.
OCEAN 1 General Oceanography (3 units lec)
Prerequisites: Bio 31.; Bio 31L; Bio 32.1; Bio 32L; Chem 1.1; Chem 1L; Phys 1.1; Phys 1L
This course deals with basic concepts of oceanographic principles, the interdisciplinary nature of the marine environment, its response to external stimuli, and its influence on Earth.
OCEAN 2.1 Chemical Oceanography (2 units lec)
Prerequisites: Ocean 1; Chem 3
This course deals with the application of the basic principles of chemistry to the descriptions of the composition of sea water. It also involves the study of vertical and horizontal variations in chemical properties of the sea.
OCEAN 2L Chemical Oceanography (2 units lab)
Prerequisites: Ocean 1; Chem 3
This tackles the principles behind the determination of some chemical and physical properties of seawater. The students are guided in the basic steps in the quantitative analysis and determinations of salinity, dissolved oxygen, productivity, pH, and alkalinity, phosphate and nitrate concentrations and the like. Field work includes sampling, fixing and storing methods of seawater samples, methods that ensure accurate quantitative analyses in the laboratory.